学名：Podiceps cristatu
英文名：Great Crested Greb
分类：鸊鷉目
凤头䴙䴘，俗称张八狗、水老鸹。是体形最大的一种鸊鷉。体长50cm以上，体重0.5～1kg。嘴长而尖，颈修长，从嘴角到眼睛长着一条黑线。脖长，向上方直立，通常与水面保持垂直。营巢于芦苇、水草丛中，用水生植物的叶子建造浮巢，既能随水位上涨漂起，又有助孵化。每窝产卵4～5枚。以鱼为食。在中国主要繁殖在黑龙江、吉林、辽宁、内蒙古、河北北部、甘肃、宁夏、青海和西藏等省和自治区。越冬地为西藏南部、云南、四川、安徽及长江以南、东南沿海和台湾岛等广大地区，近年发现部分在我国东北的辽东半岛和东部沿海一带越冬。
Great Crested Grebe belongs to the order of podicipediformes,commonly known as water crow.It is the largest bird of the order.The length of body is 50cm , and the weight is 0.5 ~ 1kg.The mouth is long, with a black line from the corners of the mouth to the eyes.The neck is long, straight upwards, usually perpendicular to the water surface.The nest is in the reeds and weeds, and the leaves of the water plants are built to float the nests, which can be raised as the water level and helps to hatch.There are 4 to 5 eggs in each nest.They mainly live on fish. Mainly distributed in heilongjiang, jilin, liaoning, Inner Mongolia, northern hebei, gansu, ningxia, qinghai and Tibet provinces and autonomous regions in China.They spend winter in southern Tibet, yunnan, sichuan, anhui and south of the Yangtze river, southeast coast and Taiwan area, liaodong peninsula in the northeast of China and the eastern coastal area.
凤头鸊鷉比较圆，像鸭子，但它们的翅膀短而窄，尾羽退化为绒羽，看起来像没尾巴似的。凤头鸊鷉的嘴细而尖，因此，人称“尖嘴鸭”。又因头、颈漂亮的羽毛，得名“凤头”。凤头鷉的头上包着枣红色滑爽的“真皮围巾”，前额直立的羽毛像人的发帘，像十七、十八世纪的贵夫人。它们慢慢转身，“凤头”如一道屏风，使它们的气度、尊严、神秘，又增加了几分。
凤头鷉多见于湿地的池塘、苇丛之中，那里丰富的鱼、虾资源，可以让它们痛痛快快地随时饱餐。我曾亲见凤头鷉与一条红尾鲤鱼交锋，凤头鷉用细长的喙横着紧紧夹住红尾鲤鱼。虽然鲤鱼很大，但是，近半个小时的搏斗，“凤头”最终还是置鲤鱼于死地。凤头鷉捕鱼、游泳、潜水，技艺超群。
当雌、雄“凤头”双方彼此相悦时，它们会立刻展示出各自美丽的一面——在水中，它们头顶和胸部的羽毛光亮而鲜润地全部打开，双方深情凝视，摇头晃脑，幽默而滑稽。情到深处，它们还会摆出各种“pose”吸引对方。舞到高兴时，它们还会跳起激情四射的舞蹈，并一起潜入水中，搅得水花激荡，四处飞溅。转瞬间，只见它们不知从哪儿弄来一把湿湿的干枯水草，各自把水草叼在嘴中，作为献给心仪恋人的礼物。“疾风暴雨”过后，它们便双双返回爱巢……
那天，在一条小河渠中看到一只凤头鷉，驮着两只幼雏在水中游弋，另两只稍大的小家伙像水中护卫，前后跟随。两只幼雏像“贴”在凤头妈妈背上一样——如果给它们一张相框，再取个名字，应该叫“依恋”。不远处，凤头爸爸嘴里叼着食物向它们游去。接近后，凤头爸爸将食物喂给凤头妈妈背上的小宝贝。然后转身，又去寻找新的食物去了。
Great Crested Grebe is relatively round like a duck, but their wings are short and narrow, and the feather of tail is degeneration.The mouth of the great crested grebe is thin,so it’s called "beak duck".Because of the beautiful feather of head and neck, so it’s called”great crested grebe”.
They often live in wetland ponds and reed, there is rich resources of fish, shrimp,they can find food at any time.They are good at fishing, swimming and diving.When the male and female of the great crested grebe meet, they will show their beautiful side immediately, their bright and fresh feathers of the head and chest is opened entirely in the water, the two birds look at each other,it’s humorous and funny.They also pose for each other.When they are happy, they dance and dive into the water together.Then they get a wet and dry grass in their mouth, as a gift to give their lover.