学名：Larus saundersi
英文名：Chinese Black-headed Gull
分类：鸥形目
全球性濒危。种群数量稀少，仅在中国东部沿海有几处繁殖地：辽宁、河北、山东及江苏盐城。越冬分布于南部沿海包括香港。
常成小群活动，多出入于开阔的海边盐碱地和沼泽地上，特别是生长有矮小盐碱植物的泥质滩涂。也频繁地在附近水域上空飞翔，有时亦出现于内陆湖泊。飞行非常轻盈而似燕鸥。与其他鸥混群。紧贴着潮线。取食方式为飞行中突然垂直下降，快降落时又一转身然后捕食螃蟹及其他蠕虫。如失误又赶紧飞至空中。几乎从不游泳。
夏候鸟和冬候鸟。春季于3-4月迁到中国东部沿海繁殖地，秋季于9-10月迁离繁殖地。
主要以昆虫、昆虫幼虫、甲壳类、蠕虫等水生无脊椎动物为食。
叫声：尖厉的eek-eek叫声。
黑嘴鸥，中型水鸟，体长31～39cm。嘴黑色，脚红色。成鸟头戴“黑帽”，后眼眶的白色围绕着眼睛大半圈，像两片白色的花瓣迭加在一起。栖息于沿海滩涂、港湾、湖泊、沼泽及河口地带。用干枯的碱蓬、苇枝营巢。主要以鱼、虾、沙蚕、甲壳类及水生无脊椎动物为食。与其他鸥类不同的是，它们有蹼而不下水游弋，且具有较强的飞行能力，能毫不费力地迎风飘举或顺风滑翔。种群数量稀少。被列入世界濒危鸟类红皮书。仅在中国东部沿海有几处繁殖地：辽宁、河北、山东及江苏盐城。越冬分布于南部沿海，包括香港。
Chinese Black-headed Gull is a kind of middle waterfowl which belongs to the order of Lariformes and the body length is 31~ 39cm.It has black mouth and red feet.Adult bird’s head wears a black cap, and the white of the latter orbit around the half of eyes, like two white petals.Inhabited in coastal beaches, harbors, lakes, swamps and estuaries and built the nest with dry Sua Peng, reed branches.Mainly lives on fish, shrimp, silkworm, crustaceans and aquatic invertebrates.The population is scarce which is also included in the World Endangered Birds Red Book.Only in the eastern coast of China has several breeding grounds: Liaoning, Hebei, Shandong and Jiangsu Yancheng and in the southern coast, including Hong Kong to spend the winter.
世界上，黑嘴鸥共有44种同类，在盘锦就有其中的13种。比如：银鸥、红嘴鸥、鸥嘴噪鸥、贼鸥、须浮鸥等。目前，全球共有黑嘴鸥8000余只，在辽河口湿地，黑嘴鸥的数量竟占世界总量的80%左右。让我们来看一看，辽河口湿地创造了多少个黑嘴鸥的“世界之最”——世界上黑嘴鸥种群数量最大的栖息地；世界上最大的黑嘴鸥繁殖地；世界上黑嘴鸥营巢密度最大的繁殖地；世界上黑嘴鸥居留期最长的栖息地（每年3月回归，10月迁离，居留时间长达7个月之久）……
相传，一千多年前，诗人李商隐在后花园养了5种珍禽，其中之一就是黑嘴鸥。不过，最早认识黑嘴鸥的人，当数出海的渔民了。“晚哇阴，早哇晴，半夜哇来天不明。”渔民们习惯称黑嘴鸥为“导航员”、“神鸟”。早些年，没有雷达、卫星云图预测天气，渔民们便根据黑嘴鸥的叫声来判断阴晴。也许，它们正忠实地传递着上帝的旨意。
在盘锦，黑嘴鸥的栖息地有南小河、十里西、流子沟、人工岛及外围滩涂等地。南小河不是一条河，是黑嘴鸥共筑爱巢、养育幼雏、含饴弄孙的乐园。可是，如果你打扰了它们和乐、美好的生活，它们毫不示弱，攻击性极强，会立即成群结队，腾空而起，以不息不止的鸣叫向你发出严厉的警告。有厉害的家伙，还会飞到你的头顶，一边鸣叫一边企图叨你。更有甚者，会使出更为恶毒的“武器”——自制“空投炸弹”——拉屎！犹如他们黑白清明的扮相，它们是“黑脸包公”，是爱憎分明的鸟儿。
没人知道黑嘴鸥到底是什么时候南迁的。但是某一刻，你会忽然惊觉：“咦？怎么一只黑嘴鸥都不见了？”后来，人们约略知道，黑嘴鸥总是在中秋节前后的哪天夜里悄悄出发，但终究无法准确发现迁徙的迹象……黑嘴鸥不仅“北归”较早，也是较早“南迁”的鸟类之一。当人们斟满芬芳的美酒，分享丰收喜悦之时，它们于热闹的高潮无声地退席了——像懂得分寸的人，让人怎能不喜爱呢。
There are 44 species of black-headed gulls in the world, 13 species of them in Panjin. For example: silver gulls, red-headed gulls,gull-billed tern, thieves gulls,whiskered tern and so on. At present, the world has a total of more than 8,000 black-headed gulls, the number of black-headed gulls in the Liaohekou wetland accounted for about 80% of the world's total. Liaohekou wetland created a lot "the world's most" for black-headed gulls---The world's largest black-headed gull population habitat; the world's largest black-headed gull breeding ground; the world's largest nesting density of breeding ground for black-headed gulls; the world's black-headed gulls habitat for staying the longest time.
According to legend, a thousand years ago, the poet Li Shangyin raised five kinds of rare birds in the back garden ,one of which is black-headed gull. However, when some fishermen went out of the sea is the earliest time to know black-headed gulls.In the early years, there is no radar, and the satellite to predict the weather, so the fishermen judged the weather by gulls’ voice.
In Panjin, black-headed gull inhabit in the South River, ten miles west, flow sub-ditch, artificial island and the surrounding beach and other places.No one knows the accurate time that the black mouth gull migrate to the south.Only knowing that the black-headed gulls are always quietly starting at night before and after the Mid-Autumn Festival.